NABNet is to utilize biosciences for the improvement of the life of North African populations. The challenge is then to use new developments in the biosciences to reduce poverty and create wealth in North Africa in sustainable ways. Many of the problems constraining North Africa’s development require solutions specifically tailored to the unique local, national and/or regional circumstances. Some solutions may be developed from existing knowledge and adaptation of available technologies. Many, however, require new knowledge, new discoveries and endogenous innovation by Africans.